September is Emergency Preparation Month

In the four years since Hurricane Katrina, Americans have been mindful that seniors can be disproportionately affected during disasters. Recent events such as ice storms in Kentucky, flooding in the Midwest, and H1N1 flu continue to keep us aware of the need to plan for emergencies.

This includes preparation for natural disasters—earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, tsunami, extreme heat or cold, wildfire or volcanic events—as well as human error or deliberate acts: power failure, chemical or nuclear accidents, and events of terrorism and war. It could also include pandemic disease, such as avian or swine flu.

If you are an older adult, or have older friends and loved ones, keep in mind that physical impairment, medical and dietary needs, lack of transportation and isolation can make it harder to be safe during a hazardous situation. But advanced preparation makes it far more likely that your loved one will be safe before...during...and after an emergency.

Taking practical steps to protect yourself and your loved one begins with getting the information you need. You should KNOW....

• the type of emergencies that are most likely to occur in the area
• immediate actions to take in case of a sudden emergency (such as an earthquake, explosion or landslide)  
• your community's disaster preparedness plan
• the recommended evacuation route from your home
• the location of the nearest emergency shelter
• how to tune in NOAA Weather Radio
• escape routes out of the home in case of fire
• how to shut off the electricity, water and gas
• an out-of-area contact that you and your loved ones can reach if you are unable to make local calls.

Once you have the information you need, the next step is to PREPARE....

A personal support network. This can be an informal arrangement with family, neighbors or friends. Persons with limited mobility, a sensory impairment or other disability may also be able to register with the local fire department or office of emergency services for special assistance. If your loved one uses home care services, speak with your agency about emergency arrangements.

A shelter plan. If possible, make arrangements in advance for your loved one to stay with you if you live out of the danger area, or with other friends or family.  Know where your loved one should go if the order to evacuate is given. Make arrangements ahead of time for transportation to a Red Cross or other emergency shelter.

Emergency preparation supplies for surviving safely and comfortably at home, as well as an emergency evacuation kit with survival supplies in an easy-to-carry container, such as a backpack or duffel bag. It is recommended to have....

• One gallon of water per person per day; enough for at least three days (or as long as is suggested in the area). Water should be stored in unbreakable containers that you are able to handle.
• Non-perishable, high-energy food supply, keeping in mind any dietary restrictions. Choose foods that are easy to store and carry.
• Basic utensils, including a manual can opener 
• First aid and hygiene supplies (including toilet paper, moist wipes) 
• Powerful flashlight and extra batteries 
• Candles and matches (or a supply of light sticks, a better alternative in case of gas leaks) 
• Portable battery-powered radio or television and extra batteries
• Cell phone and extra battery
• Two-week supply (minimum) of your prescription drugs and other medicines
• Clothing, rain gear and sturdy shoes
• Blanket or sleeping bag
• Cash, credit cards or traveler's checks
• Emergency contact list, including names, phone numbers and e-mail addresses
• A place for important papers, such as birth certificate, will, deeds, insurance policies and Medicare information. (This can be a waterproof, sturdy container; or store them in your safe deposit box.)

Then, if an emergency does occur, be ready to TAKE ACTION....

• Listen to your radio or TV for instructions about the prescribed steps for the emergency that is happening. 
• If there is an instruction to take shelter, do so at once.
• If there is an evacuation order, the most comfortable choice is with family or friends who live out of the danger area. Or, emergency public shelters can also provide food and a safe place to stay. Bring your disaster supply kit, and use the routes specified by local authorities.
• If instructed to do so, shut off electricity, gas and water.

For More Information

FEMA's Ready America website includes a section on the special emergency preparation concerns of older Americans

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Emergency Preparedness and Response site offers up-to-date information on preparation and current threats.

Read on to the next article, "Be Prepared: Special Concerns for People with Disabilities," to learn about preparations for keeping loved ones with special needs safe during emergencies.